The semi-solid-state LiDAR is one of the key sensors used for environmental perception in intelligent driving vehicles. It measures distance and speed by emitting laser pulses and receiving the reflected beams, thus providing precise environmental information to the intelligent driving system. The following is a detailed explanation of the principle of environmental perception by semi-solid-state LiDAR:
Principle
The core principle of semi-solid-state LiDAR is to measure distance using either Time-of-Flight (ToF) or phase detection of light;
In the Time-of-Flight (ToF) method, the LiDAR emits a laser pulse, which strikes an object and reflects back. The LiDAR then records the time difference between the emission and reception of the pulse, allowing it to calculate the distance;
In the phase detection method, continuous wave (CW) laser is utilized to measure distance. By comparing the phase difference between the transmitted and received signals, the distance to the target can be determined.
Structure and Function
Compared to traditional mechanical LiDAR, semi-solid-state LiDAR features a more compact structure, typically employing solid-state components instead of mechanical scanning devices.
It consists of an emitter, a receiver, and a processing unit. The emitter generates laser pulses, the receiver captures the reflected laser, and the processing unit is responsible for data processing and analysis.
Performance
Semi-solid-state LiDAR features high precision and resolution, enabling precise detection of objects surrounding the vehicle, including pedestrians, other vehicles, road signs, and more.
Its measurement accuracy can reach the centimeter level, which is crucial for precise map creation and obstacle detection.
Due to its solid-state nature, semi-solid-state LiDAR offers higher reliability, lower maintenance costs, and is less susceptible to vibration and impact.
Environmental Adaptability
Semi-solid-state LiDAR can operate in various weather conditions, including rain, snow, fog, etc. This is because the laser wavelength typically falls in the near-infrared region of the spectrum, making it less affected by weather conditions.
It can also adapt to different lighting conditions, accurately perceiving the environment whether it's day or night.
Data Processing and Fusing
The data captured by semi-solid-state LiDAR needs to be processed to convert it into useful information. This involves steps such as filtering, classification, tracking, and recognition.
In intelligent driving systems, laser radar data is typically fused with data from other sensors such as cameras, millimeter-wave radar, etc., to obtain more comprehensive and accurate environmental perception results.
Challenges and trends：
Although semi-solid-state LiDAR has many advantages, it also faces some challenges, such as high cost and limited detection capabilities for certain materials and surfaces.
Future development trends may include reducing costs, increasing resolution and detection range, enhancing adaptability to different materials, and achieving 360-degree omnidirectional coverage.
Overall, semi-solid-state LiDAR plays a crucial role in intelligent driving vehicles. By providing precise distance and speed measurements, it offers detailed information about the surrounding environment, ensuring the safety and efficiency of driving. With continuous technological advancements, future semi-solid-state lidar systems are expected to achieve wider scanning ranges and higher performance.
URL：https://www.geosuntech.com/News/206.html
Previous：What is the Difference Between Handheld and Airborne LiDAR?
Next：How Semi-solid-state LiDAR Realize Obstacle Detection in Intelligent Driving
